William Muir was born on April 27, 1819, in Scotland, where he spent his childhood in Glasgow alongside his brother John. He received his education at the Universities of Edinburgh and Glasgow, where he developed a passion for scholarship and a desire to explore the world.
After completing his studies, Muir decided to pursue a career in the civil service. He traveled to Bengal, where he served as an imperial administrator and governor in British India. This experience exposed him to the diverse cultures and religions of the region, sparking his interest in Islamic and Near and Far-Eastern studies.
William Muir is best remembered for his extensive contributions to scholarship in the fields of Islamic and Near and Far-Eastern studies. His writings, including "The Koran: Its Composition and Teaching," "Annals of the Early Caliphate," and "A Life of Mahomet," are considered foundational works in the understanding of Islamic history and culture.
One of Muir's early works, "Life of Mahomet," caused controversy for its critical examination of Islam. Despite the backlash, Muir remained dedicated to pursuing knowledge and shedding light on important historical and cultural topics.
Throughout his life, Muir remained devoted to his family. He married Elizabeth Huntly Wemyss, with whom he had eleven children. Among his children was Colonel A. M. Muir, who followed in his father's footsteps and became involved in Far Eastern politics.
William Muir's work continues to be studied and appreciated in academic circles around the world. His groundbreaking research and insights have shaped the understanding of Islamic history and culture, leaving a lasting impact on the field of scholarship.
American author Daniel Pipes credited Muir with popularizing the controversial phrase "Satanic Verses" in one of his scholarly works, highlighting his influence on the discourse surrounding Islam and its teachings.
William Muir's life and career serve as a testament to the power of intellectual curiosity and dedication to the pursuit of knowledge. His work remains a valuable resource for scholars and researchers seeking to deepen their understanding of Islamic history and culture.