William Manuel Johnson, known as "Bill" Johnson, was born on October 10, 1872, in New Orleans, Louisiana. He came from a family with a musical background, as his brother was a musician and his sister was involved with famous jazz pianist Jelly Roll Morton. Johnson's passion for music was evident from a young age, and he began his musical journey by learning to play various instruments.
Johnson's introduction to the double bass came by chance when he broke his bow while on tour. Instead of replacing it, he decided to experiment with a new technique – slapping the strings of his bass. This unorthodox approach would eventually become his signature style and pave the way for future bass players.
Johnson gained recognition for his innovative slap style of playing and soon became a sought-after musician in New Orleans. In 1907, he became a founding member of King Oliver's Creole Jazz Band, where his unique bass playing added depth and energy to the band's sound. Johnson's talent and charisma on stage earned him the nickname "The Original Dixieland Jazz Band."
In addition to his work with King Oliver, Johnson founded and managed The Original Creole Orchestra. This ensemble was the first jazz band to leave New Orleans and embark on successful tours, introducing audiences across the country to the vibrant sounds of early jazz. Johnson's leadership and musical vision played a crucial role in popularizing jazz outside of its birthplace.
Johnson's influence extended beyond his own performances and recordings. He dedicated his later years to teaching and mentoring younger musicians, including legendary bassist Milt Hinton. Johnson shared his knowledge of the slap style and passed down his techniques to future generations, ensuring that his innovative approach to bass playing would continue to inspire musicians for years to come.