John Wellborn Root was born on October 10, 1850, in the state of Georgia. His father, Sidney Root, was a well-known planter who made sure to provide his son with a quality education. When Atlanta fell to the Union Army during the Civil War, Sidney sent John and two other boys to England. It was during this time in England that John developed a love for architecture and design.
Upon returning to the United States, Root attended New York University, where he graduated in 1869. He then began his career in architecture, first working under James Renwick, Jr., and later with John Butler Snook. It was during his time with Snook that Root honed his skills as a construction supervisor, working on notable projects such as Warren and Wetmore's Grand Central Terminal.
Root is best known for co-founding the Chicago School style of architecture, a movement that emphasized clean, modern design and the use of steel-frame construction. His innovative designs helped shape the skyline of Chicago and set the stage for the modern skyscraper.
Root's buildings have been designated National Historic and Chicago Landmarks and are listed on the National Register of Historic Places. His work is admired for its bold, innovative design and enduring beauty.
Root's maternal uncle, Marshall Johnson Wellborn, was a significant influence in his life and after whom he was named. He married Dora Dox in 1879, and they had three children together. His son, John Root Jr., followed in his father's footsteps and also became a prominent architect in Chicago.
Root's impact on the world of architecture cannot be overstated. His contributions to the Chicago skyline and the field of architecture as a whole have solidified his place as one of the most influential architects of the 19th century. In 1958, Root was posthumously awarded the AIA Gold Medal, cementing his legacy as a true pioneer in the world of design and construction.