Aleksander Fredro was born on June 20, 1793 in Poland to a wealthy landowning family. He was educated at home by private tutors and showed a talent for writing at a young age. At the age of 16, he joined the Polish army and served in the Napoleonic wars, including the Moscow campaign. His experiences during this time would later influence his writing, particularly his social comedies.
Despite his early success as a writer, Fredro faced criticism from some of his peers, which led to a period of literary silence. However, he continued to write and eventually became known for his works in octosyllabic verse, prose, and fables. Two of his most popular fables, The Monkey in the Bath and Paul and Gawel, have become beloved children's stories in Poland.
One of Fredro's best-known works is the comedy Zemsta, or The Revenge. This play, written in octosyllabic verse, is a satirical portrayal of the Polish nobility and their lifestyle. It has been adapted for the screen by film director Andrzej Wajda and starred Roman Polanski.
Despite facing criticism during his lifetime, Fredro's works have endured and been translated into several languages. His comedies remain popular in Poland and his fables continue to entertain children around the world. After his death, many of his works were published and gained widespread popularity.
Fredro's father was a landowner, and his family's wealth allowed him to pursue a career in writing. His grandson, Metropolitan Andrey Sheptytsky, would later become the head of the Ukrainian Catholic Church. Fredro's legacy as a poet, playwright, and author continues to be celebrated in Poland and beyond.
Related links